Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka – A Complete Travel Guide to the Ancient City

Introduction

Anuradhapura, one of Sri Lanka’s most treasured UNESCO World Heritage Sites, is a city rich in history, culture, and spiritual significance. As the first capital of ancient Sri Lanka, it was once the center of Sinhalese civilization for over 1,300 years. Today, the city is home to magnificent stupas, ancient monasteries, and sacred temples, making it a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and spiritual seekers.

From the sacred Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi Tree to the massive Ruwanwelisaya Stupa, Anuradhapura offers a fascinating journey through Sri Lanka’s glorious past.

Top Attractions in Anuradhapura

1. Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi – The Sacred Bodhi Tree 🌳

• The oldest living tree in the world with a recorded history of over 2,300 years.

• A sapling from the original Bodhi tree under which Lord Buddha attained enlightenment.

• A major pilgrimage site for Buddhists worldwide.

2. Ruwanwelisaya Stupa – The Great White Dome 🏯

• One of the largest stupas in Sri Lanka, built by King Dutugemunu in 140 BC.

• A sacred Buddhist site housing relics of Lord Buddha.

• Its brilliant white structure shines beautifully against the blue sky.

3. Abhayagiri Monastery – An Ancient Buddhist Complex 🏛️

• Once a thriving monastery with over 5,000 monks.

• The Abhayagiri Stupa, built in 1st century BC, was one of the tallest structures of the ancient world.

• A perfect place for history lovers to explore ancient Buddhist teachings.

4. Jetavanaramaya – The Tallest Stupa of the Ancient World ⛩️

• Built in the 3rd century AD, this stupa was the third-tallest structure in the world at the time.

• Stands over 122 meters high, even taller than the Great Pyramids of Giza.

5. Thuparamaya – Sri Lanka’s Oldest Stupa 🏯

• Built in the 3rd century BC, making it the first stupa constructed in Sri Lanka.

• Houses a collarbone relic of Lord Buddha.

• Surrounded by stone pillars, which were once part of a temple structure.

6. Isurumuniya Temple – The Rock-Carved Shrine 🪨

• Famous for the Isurumuniya Lovers sculpture, a masterpiece of ancient Sri Lankan art.

• A serene cave temple with stunning rock carvings and pools.

• A peaceful place for meditation and photography.

7. Mihintale – The Birthplace of Buddhism in Sri Lanka 🙏

• A sacred mountain where Buddhism was first introduced to Sri Lanka in 247 BC.

• Offers breathtaking views after a short stair climb to the top.

• Home to ancient stupas, shrines, and the famous Mihintale Maha Stupa.

Best Time to Visit Anuradhapura

🔹 Tip: Visit early in the morning to avoid the heat and experience the spiritual atmosphere.

How to Get to Anuradhapura

📍 Anuradhapura is located in Sri Lanka’s North Central Province, approximately:
✔ 4 hours from Colombo
✔ 2.5 hours from Kandy
✔ 1.5 hours from Dambulla

Transportation Options

✔ By Train – The scenic Colombo to Anuradhapura train journey takes 4-5 hours.
✔ By Bus – Direct buses operate from Colombo, Kandy, and Dambulla.
✔ By Car/Taxi – A comfortable option via the A9 Highway.

Where to Stay in Anuradhapura

✔ Luxury Resorts – Uga Ulagalla, Rajarata Hotel.
✔ Mid-Range Hotels – The Lakeside Hotel, Avasta Resort.
✔ Budget-Friendly Stays – Little Paradise Tourist Guest House, Hotel Heladiv.

Travel Tips for Visiting Anuradhapura

✔ Dress modestly – Wear clothing that covers shoulders and knees when visiting temples.
✔ Remove footwear – Shoes must be removed before entering religious sites.
✔ Hire a guide – Local guides provide fascinating insights into Anuradhapura’s history.
✔ Carry water and sunscreen – The city can get hot, especially in the afternoon.
✔ Explore by bicycle or tuk-tuk – The best way to cover multiple sites in a day.

Nearby Attractions to Explore

📍 Wilpattu National Park – Just 1 hour away, perfect for wildlife safaris and spotting leopards and elephants.
📍 Dambulla Cave Temple – A UNESCO-listed rock temple with Buddhist murals and statues.
📍 Sigiriya Rock Fortress – A stunning ancient palace just 1.5 hours from Anuradhapura.
📍 Kala Wewa Reservoir – A beautiful man-made lake built by King Dhatusena.

Conclusion

Anuradhapura is more than just an ancient city—it is a living heritage site that showcases Sri Lanka’s spiritual and cultural history. Whether you’re exploring gigantic stupas, sacred temples, or historical monasteries, Anuradhapura is a destination that takes you back in time.

🔥 Planning a Sri Lanka trip? Don’t miss the legendary ruins of Anuradhapura!