Udawalawe National Park – Known for Its Large Herds of Elephants

Situated in the southern region of Sri Lanka, Udawalawe National Park stands as one of the country’s most iconic wildlife sanctuaries. Established in 1972, the park spans over 30,800 hectares of lush grasslands, marshes, and forested areas, offering visitors an unparalleled opportunity to connect with nature and witness wildlife in its pristine habitat. However, what truly sets Udawalawe apart and makes it world-famous is its large population of wild elephants, making it one of the best places in Asia to see these magnificent creatures in their natural habitat.Whether you’re a wildlife enthusiast, a photography lover, or someone simply looking to experience the beauty of Sri Lanka’s wilderness, Udawalawe National Park promises an unforgettable adventure.

Why Udawalawe is Famous for Elephants

One of the most remarkable aspects of Udawalawe National Park is its thriving elephant population. With an estimated 600 to 700 elephants living within the park, it’s one of the best places in Sri Lanka to observe these incredible animals up close. Unlike other parks where elephants tend to be more elusive, the open landscapes of Udawalawe provide frequent and reliable sightings of these gentle giants.

Large Elephant Herds

What makes Udawalawe truly unique is that visitors have the chance to see herds of elephants, sometimes numbering up to 30 or more individuals. These herds often include adult elephants, protective mothers, and playful baby elephants, offering a heartwarming and awe-inspiring sight. The elephants roam freely across the park’s grasslands, feeding on the abundant vegetation, bathing in waterholes, and interacting with one another in their natural environment.

The Udawalawe Reservoir

The presence of the Udawalawe Reservoir, located within the park, plays a significant role in attracting elephants. This large water body not only provides a crucial water source for the elephants but also creates an ideal habitat for other wildlife. Visitors can often spot elephants gathering near the reservoir to drink, bathe, and cool off, especially during the dry season when water sources elsewhere become scarce.

Other Wildlife in Udawalawe

While elephants are undoubtedly the stars of the show, Udawalawe National Park is home to a diverse array of wildlife. Its varied landscapes of grasslands, wetlands, and forests host a rich ecosystem that supports numerous species of mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians.

Mammals

Beyond elephants, visitors to Udawalawe often encounter species such as:

• Leopards: Though elusive and not as commonly seen as in other parks like Yala National Park, leopards do inhabit Udawalawe.

• Water Buffalo: Large herds of wild water buffalo are frequently seen grazing alongside elephants.

• Sambar Deer and Spotted Deer: Graceful and alert, these deer species are common residents of the park.

• Jackals and Mongooses: These smaller predators add to the park’s biodiversity.

• Sloth Bears: Rarely sighted but present, sloth bears are another highlight for lucky visitors.

Birdlife

Udawalawe is also a haven for birdwatchers, with over 180 bird species recorded in the park. Both resident and migratory birds thrive here, making it an ideal destination for ornithologists and birding enthusiasts. Some notable bird species include:

• Crested Serpent Eagles

• Changeable Hawk-Eagles

• Malabar Pied Hornbills

• Peacocks (often seen displaying their stunning feathers)

• Numerous species of kingfishers, herons, and storks.

Reptiles and Amphibians

The park is home to a variety of reptiles, including crocodiles, monitor lizards, and snakes such as pythons. Frogs and other amphibians thrive in the wetlands, further contributing to the park’s ecological diversity.

Udawalawe Elephant Transit Home

An essential part of Udawalawe’s conservation efforts is the Udawalawe Elephant Transit Home (ETH), located just outside the park. Established in 1995, this facility plays a critical role in rescuing, rehabilitating, and releasing orphaned and injured elephants back into the wild.

What Makes ETH Unique?

Unlike traditional elephant sanctuaries or breeding centers, the Elephant Transit Home ensures that its residents remain as wild as possible. The elephants are cared for and fed until they are old enough to survive independently in the wild. Once rehabilitated, they are released into Udawalawe National Park or other suitable habitats.Visitors can witness the feeding of the young elephants at ETH, an experience that’s both educational and heartwarming. This initiative highlights the park’s commitment to wildlife conservation and the protection of Sri Lanka’s beloved elephants.

Safari Adventures in Udawalawe

One of the best ways to explore Udawalawe National Park is through a jeep safari, which allows visitors to experience the park’s beauty and wildlife in an up-close and immersive way. Safaris typically take place in the early morning or late afternoon when the wildlife is most active.

What to Expect on a Safari

• Elephant Encounters: Close-up sightings of elephants are virtually guaranteed, making Udawalawe safaris a once-in-a-lifetime experience.

• Diverse Wildlife: Beyond elephants, safaris often include sightings of deer, buffalo, crocodiles, and an array of bird species.

• Scenic Landscapes: The park’s mix of open grasslands, dense forests, and water bodies creates a picturesque backdrop for wildlife viewing.

Experienced guides accompany visitors on safaris, sharing their knowledge about the park’s ecosystem and helping spot elusive animals.

When to Visit Udawalawe National Park

Udawalawe National Park is a year-round destination, but the dry season from May to September is considered the best time to visit. During this period, water sources outside the park dry up, leading wildlife to congregate near the reservoir and waterholes, resulting in better sightings.The rainy season, from November to January, transforms the park into a lush green paradise, but wildlife may be harder to spot due to the dense vegetation.

Conservation and Ecotourism

Udawalawe’s success as a wildlife sanctuary is a testament to Sri Lanka’s commitment to conservation. The park was initially established to protect the watershed of the Udawalawe Reservoir, but it has grown into a critical refuge for elephants and other wildlife. Responsible tourism is encouraged, ensuring that visitors respect the natural environment and contribute to the park’s sustainable management.

Conclusion

Udawalawe National Park is a breathtaking wildlife sanctuary, offering an unparalleled opportunity to witness elephants in their natural habitat and experience the beauty of Sri Lanka’s wilderness. From the majestic herds of elephants to the rich biodiversity of mammals, birds, and reptiles, the park is a haven for nature lovers and adventurers alike. Whether you embark on an exciting jeep safari, visit the Elephant Transit Home, or simply soak in the park’s scenic beauty, Udawalawe promises an unforgettable experience that will leave you with a deeper appreciation for Sri Lanka’s incredible wildlife.